This paper authored by Dr Dinesh Mohan focuses on issues concerning mobility, pollution and safety in cities of less motorised countries (LMCs). Urban transportation problems in LMCs have become very complex because of the intense mix of modern (fast) motorised vehicles with non-motorised modes along with very complex social and economic concerns. Issues discussed in this paper are: Urban transport patterns, infrastructure development, control of private vehicles, para-transit and public transport, pedestrian and bicycle environments and road safety.